Theorie und Strategie des islamistischen Diskurses - drei Beispiele

Abstract

Based on the hypothesis that islamism/islamic fundamentalism is a modern phenomenon, an ideological result of the failed political, economical and social modernization in many parts of the muslim world, this essay tries to outline some fundamentals of the islamist discourse. Looking at three distinct examples of islamist theory - Sayyid Qutb's "Milestones" (1964), Necmettin Erbakan's "Just Order" (1991) and Ali Bulac's "Globalization, Islam and the Future of the Muslims" (2001) - it shows the similarities between the former Egyptian chief ideologist of the Muslim Brotherhood, the former leader of the turkish islamist Refoh Partisi and former Turkish Prime Minister and the independent Turkish modernist Bulac, one of the most sophisticated islamist thinkers. Islamism as a whole rejects 'the West' as metaphor for enlightenment and secularization, i.e. the sovereignty of mankind and the division of religion and the state/the political system. Regardless the different tactics to create an "islamic order" - the militant/revolutionary or the legalistic way to change the system from within - islamist ideology is generally based on the idea of Islam as a total order, which integrates individual belief as well as political and economical systems.